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陕西临潼：“兔子哥”的致富经******

　　光明日报记者张哲浩李洁光明日报通讯员王三合

　　2月1日清晨，在陕西省西安市临潼区浩民养殖场上班的何寨街道村民陆续走进厂区，经过一系列消杀防护，在兔舍中开启了一天的忙碌工作。

　　“这几天正是种兔产完兔仔需要精心照顾的关键阶段，大家伙儿都忙着伺候兔子‘月子’呢！”浩民养殖场负责人付红伟介绍，养殖场除了常见的伊拉、伊高乐、大耳白等肉兔类品种，还有荷兰侏儒兔、迷你垂耳兔、熊猫兔、花巨兔等宠物兔品种。

　　“每只种兔平均每45天就可以产下10只左右的幼兔，幼兔出生65天至70天后能长到4斤半至5斤半，就可以出栏了。”讲起这些日日挂心的兔子时，付红伟有说不完的话。

　　“以前，肉兔都是散养的，集中养殖能更好地控制成本，增加收益。”自幼就喜欢饲养动物的付红伟，瞅准了兔子繁殖能力强、养殖周期短、产业见效快、市场好的特点，也希望用自己的爱好实现更多的价值。

　　2019年10月，付红伟投入500多万元建设现代化、规模化养殖场，成了村民眼中的“兔子哥”。

　　“目前，养殖场占地75亩，有兔舍13栋、种兔6000只，年出栏量达40万只，按照现在每斤11元的市场价，收益可观。”付红伟说，现代化养殖场建成后，已发展为集肉兔养殖与销售、种兔生产与经营、饲料生产与销售，及技术服务提供为一体的综合性农牧企业，产值在500万元左右，常年固定用工20多人，带动周边地区群众务工致富。

　　在兔舍，身着工作服的饲养员周小香正干得起劲。“以前就靠种地和打零工，收入不稳定。自从这个基地建起来后，我就来这里工作，每天工作时间外还能照顾孩子，每个月还有3000多元的固定收入。”周小香满意地说，村民们不仅可以在家门口的养殖场就业，还可以领取兔苗代养，在养兔产业的带动下，很多村民都过上了好日子。

　　如今，在“兔子哥”付红伟的带动下，小小的兔子养殖产业逐渐成为当地主打产业。据了解，2022年，养殖场每月兔子的销售量大约有15000只，全年帮助村民代销肉兔约10000只，还远销至四川、重庆、广东等地。

　　规模化养殖不仅降低了养殖成本，更让付红伟尝到了科学养殖带来的甜头。走进养殖场内，环境控制系统、污水处理系统、生物肥发酵池无不让人耳目一新。

　　“兔粪含有丰富的氮、磷、钾，以及多种微量元素和维生素，是用作有机肥料的优质选择。但过去兔粪处理一直是肉兔养殖的一个难题。”为了解决这一问题，付红伟成立了西安三民农业循环发展有限公司，建起50亩的蔬菜大棚基地，发展绿色生态循环农业产业链综合项目，将兔粪集中收集，进行无害化加工处理，为蔬菜等种植业发展提供有机肥料。

　　“芥蓝苗每斤8元、冰草每斤6.5元……现在养殖场不仅肉兔供不应求，蔬菜基地也因为施用兔粪有机肥，生产的优质蔬菜得到了市场和消费者的认可。”付红伟介绍，养殖场每天产生的兔粪“原材料”除了供蔬菜基地发酵使用，多余的还由有机肥厂上门收购，每天额外增加了1000多元的收入。兔粪变废为宝，实现了兔粪的资源化和减量化，也作为天然有机肥为蔬菜种植提供了质量保障。

　　“我们的农业目标就是探索走出一种生态循环种养模式，拉长产业链条，让更多的人享受到农业高质量发展的成果。”谈及未来，付红伟还有很多宏伟梦想，今年8月将完成养殖场二期建设，并尝试与乡村旅游相结合，发展“畜牧+旅游”新业态，将兔子养殖拓展至旅游、研学，让乡村振兴“畜”势勃发、“兔”飞猛进。(光明日报)

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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.